Sunday, November 20, 2011

Specimen #15 Carpet Moss


Fig. 1 Drying carpet moss branch next to a ruler with 1mm marks.


Fig. 2 Carpet moss leaf, with costa ending below the apex and distinctly elongated margin cells.

Fig. 3 Carpet moss next to a quarter.

Fig. 4 Carpet moss close up; note the lack of rosette leaf pattern on branches.
Specimen 15
Name: Mnium hornum Carpet Moss
Family: Mniaceae
Collection Date: Oct. 8, 2011
Habitat: damp soil
Location: Hiram College Field Station woods, Ohio
Description: dark green, tufted, stems unbranched, leaves well defined and large
Collector: Jennifer Friedler

Key used: Conard, H.S. and P.L. Redfearn, Jr. 1979. How to Know the Mosses and Liverworts 2nd Edition, McGraw-Hill, Boston, Mass.

Keying Steps:
Introduction key pg. 19
1a. has stem and leaves; erect, ascending, prostrate, or hanging...2
2b. No hayline cells...3
3b. Green...pg. 28. Order Bryidae

Key to Families/Genera Bryidae pg. 28
1b. Green, one layer of cells...3
3b. Leaves in three or more rows...7
7b. No isodiometeric cells...8
8b. Leaves well developed and persistent...9
9b. Has a seta...10
10b. Distinct stem; has operculum...17
17b. Large plant...20
20b. No lamellae...28
28b. Not growing on rich organic soil, bones, or other organic matter...33
33a. Stems erect, tufted, sporophytes terminal...34
34b. No hyaline alar cells...36
36b. Cells smooth...83
83b. Plants growing on rock...85
85b. Larger mosses, stems > 4mm...91
91b stems in five ranks, stem not triangular with outer cells thin walled and colorless...92
92b. Leaves 1-5:1 length...111
111b. Leaves bright or dark green...115
115b. Upper leaf cells quadrate, hexagonal, rhombic, or short rectangular, six times or less as long as wide...118
118b. Uper leaf cells larger...125
125b. Marginal cells slender, not similar to lamina...126
126b. Peristome double...128

(at this point I was back tracking from mnium hornum based off of the information and pictures found at this source: Munch, Susan. Outstanding mosses & liverworts of Pennsylvania & nearby states. New Kingston, PA: Sunbury Press, 2006. Print. due to the fact that my specimen lacked sporophytes)

128b. Leaves not in rosettes...129
129b. Upperleaf cells parenchymatous, mostly hexagonal to round...131
131b. Margins serrate...pg. 129 Mnium

Key to Genus Mnium pg. 129
1b. toothed margins...3
3b. margins with distinct elongated cells...4
4a. marginal teeth double...5
5a. leaves long and narrow, costa ending below apex, toothed on back near apex...Mnium hornum

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Friday, November 18, 2011

Specimen #14 Entodon Moss


Fig. 1 Leaf of Entodon Moss.
Fig. 2 Peristome teeth of Entodon moss. 
Fig. 3 Entodon cladorrhizans with red-brown seta, upright cylindrical capsules; growing on a rotten log.

Specimen 14
Name: Entodon cladorrhizans Entadon Moss
Family: Entodontaceae
Collection Date: Oct. 8, 2011
Habitat: rotting log
Location: Hiram College Field Station woods, Ohio
Description: Yellow green, branched, looks like scaled fingers, sporophyte erect, lateral
Collector: Jennifer Friedler

Key used: Conard, H.S. and P.L. Redfearn, Jr. 1979. How to Know the Mosses and Liverworts 2nd Edition, McGraw-Hill, Boston, Mass.

Keying Steps:
Introduction key pg. 19
1a. has stem and leaves; erect, ascending, prostrate, or hanging...2
2b. No hayline cells...3
3b. Green...pg. 28. Order Bryidae

Key to Families/Genera Bryidae pg. 28
1b. Green, one layer of cells...3
3b. Leaves in three or more rows...7
7b. No isodiometeric cells...8
8b. Leaves well developed and persistent...9
9b. Has a seta...10
10b. Distinct stem; has operculum...17
17b. Large plant...20
20b. No lamellae...28
28b. Not growing on rich organic soil, bones, or other organic matter...33
33b. Branched stems...139
139b. Leaves smooth...174
174b. Paraphyllia or multicellular propagula few, not usually seen...182
182b. Costa single short or absent...183
183b. Costa lacking...184
184b. Costa lacking...230
230b. Terrestrial...231
231a. Median leaf cells long 5-20:1...239
239b. Leaves without one inflated alar cell at extreme basal angle...240
240b. Quadrate alar cells...253
253a. Leaves appressed, broad and entire, jointed peristome...pg. 203 Entodon
1b. leaves acute to apiculate...2
2b. branched flattened...3
3b. plants moderately robust, branches more than 1mm wide...4
4a. seta reddish—brown...Entodon cladorrhizans

“Plants in wide, yellowish-green, sometimes glossy, mats, stems and branches flattened, on soil, logs, tree bases; South Dakota to Rhode Island south to Missouri, Indiana, North Carolina” (Conrad 204).

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Specimen #13 Cephelozia

Fig. 1 Cephelozia on a dead log.
Fig. 2 Cephalozie with bilobed leaves.
Specimen 13
Name: Cephelozia
Family: Cephaloziaceae
Collection Date: Oct. 8, 2011
Habitat: rotting log
Location: Hiram College Field Station woods, Ohio
Description: Very small leafy liverwort, light green, leaves bilobed coming to points, not complicate-bilobed, lacking underleaves
Collector: Jennifer Friedler

Key used: Conard, H.S. and P.L. Redfearn, Jr. 1979. How to Know the Mosses and Liverworts 2nd Edition, McGraw-Hill, Boston, Mass.

Keying Steps:
Introduction key pg. 19
1b. Stem and leaves, 2 rows with third rod on underside of stem...4
4b. leafy; more than one chloroplast per cell...5
5b. distinct leaf and stem...8
8b. not fossombronia (this step judged by archegonia which my sample lacked so I looked at what 8a Fossombronia lead to)...9
9a. rhizoids present...pg. 232 Jungermanniales

Key to Order Jungermanniales pg. 232
1b. leaves entire, toothed or divided at tip...6
6b. leaves bilobed without bifurcate vitta...7
7a. succubous leaves...8
8a. leaves lobed...16
16b. Not complicate-bilobed...18
18b. Leaves succubously inserted...27
27b. Underleaves absent...34
34b. Leaves uniformly and simply bilobed...36
36a. Branches ventral in origin, leaf cells noncollenchymatous...37
37a outer cells of stem large, pellucid, underleaves absent...pg. 246 Cephalozia

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Specimen #12 Hygrohypnum


Name: Hygrohypnum
Family: Amblystegianceae
Collection Date: Sept. 26, 2011
Habitat: damp soil
Location: South Chagrin Reservation, Ohio
Description: noticeably branched, yellowish green to green, creeping, sporophyte erect, lateral
Collector: Jennifer Friedler

Key used: Conard, H.S. and P.L. Redfearn, Jr. 1979. How to Know the Mosses and Liverworts 2nd Edition, McGraw-Hill, Boston, Mass.

Keying Steps:
Introduction key pg. 19
1a. has stem and leaves; erect, ascending, prostrate, or hanging...2
2b. No hayline cells...3
3b. Green...pg. 28. Order Bryidae

Key to Families/Genera Bryidae pg. 28
1b. Green, one layer of cells...3
3b. Leaves in three or more rows...7
7b. No isodiometeric cells...8
8b. Leaves well developed and persistent...9
9b. Has a seta...10
10b. Distinct stem; has operculum...17
17b. Large plant...20
20b. No lamellae...28
28b. Not growing on rich organic soil, bones, or other organic matter...33
33b. Branched stems...139
139b. Leaves smooth...174
174b. Paraphyllia or multicellular propagula few, not usually seen...182
182b. Costa single short or absent...183
183b. Costa lacking...184
184b. Costa lacking...230
230b. Terrestrial...231
231b. Median leaf cells long 5-20:1...239
239b. Hyaline alar cells...252
252b hyaline alar cells...260
260a. Leaves imbricate to erect open...261
261a. Stems and branches long, slender and stoloniferous at the ends, and bearing small distinct leaves...pg. 186 Hygrohypnum

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Specimen #11 Brotherella recurvans The Recurved Brotherella

Fig. 1 Brotherella recurvans peristome teeth.

Fig. 2 Sporophyte (16X) of brotherella recurvans.



Fig. 3 Brotherella recurvans next to quarter
Specimen 11
Name: Brotherella recurvans
Family: Senatophtllaceae
Collection Date: Sept. 26, 2011
Habitat: damp soil, edge of field and forest
Location: South Chagrin Reservation, Ohio
Description: pale green, light tipped mat with erect sporophyte, capsule at an angle
Collector: Jennifer Friedler

Key used: Conard, H.S. and P.L. Redfearn, Jr. 1979. How to Know the Mosses and Liverworts 2nd Edition, McGraw-Hill, Boston, Mass.

Keying Steps:
Introduction key pg. 19
1a. has stem and leaves; erect, ascending, prostrate, or hanging...2
2b. No hayline cells...3
3b. Green...pg. 28. Order Bryidae

Key to Families/Genera Bryidae pg. 28
1b. Green, one layer of cells...3
3b. Leaves in three or more rows...7
7b. No isodiometeric cells...8
8b. Leaves well developed and persistent...9
9b. Has a seta...10
10b. Distinct stem; has operculum...17
17b. Large plant...20
20b. No lamellae...28
28b. Not growing on rich organic soil, bones, or other organic matter...33
33b. Branched stems...139
139b. Leaves smooth...174
174b. Paraphyllia or multicellular propagula few, not usually seen...182
182b. Costa single short or absent...183
183b. Costa lacking...184
184b. Costa lacking...230
230b. Terrestrial...231
231a. Median leaf cells long 5-20:1...239
239b. Leaves without one inflated alar cell at extreme basal angle...240
240a. Leaves with several inflated alar cells...241
241b. Alar cells in cluster...242
242a. Alar cells inflated, 3-4...243
243a. Alar cells scarcely decurent, capsule inclined smooth...pg 207 Brotherella

Key to Genus Brotherella pg. 207
1b. Eastern North America...2
2b. Plants medium, distinctly complanate-foliate with falcate leaves...Brotherella recurvans

“Plants in golden sheen mats, on soil, humus, bases of trees, Great Lakes to Nova Scotia south to Iowa, Indiana, Tennessee, North Carolina and Louisiana” (Conrad 208).
Links:
http://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=16409
http://eol.org/pages/863839/overview
http://www.gabotsoc.org/forum/index.php?action=recent;start=20
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Specimen #10 Schistidium crassipilum (Grimmia apocarpa)

Fig. 1 Grimmia apocarpa next to a quarter.


Fig. 2 Grimmia apocarpa capsule with orange peristome teeth.
Specimen 10
Name: Schistidium crassipilum
Family: Grimmiaceae
Collection Date: Oct.16, 2011
Habitat: damp rock
Location: South Chagrin Reservation, Ohio
Description: Branched, erect, dark-green to black in color; bright red capsule seated in a nest of leaves, lacking a visible seta.
Collector: Jennifer Friedler

Key used: Conard, H.S. and P.L. Redfearn, Jr. 1979. How to Know the Mosses and Liverworts 2nd Edition, McGraw-Hill, Boston, Mass.

Keying Steps:
Introduction key pg. 19
1a. has stem and leaves; erect, ascending, prostrate, or hanging...2
2b. No hayline cells...3
3b. Green...pg. 28. Order Bryidae

Key to Families/Genera Bryidae pg. 28
1b. Green, one layer of cells...3
3b. Leaves in three or more rows...7
7b. No isodiometeric cells...8
8b. Leaves well developed and persistent...9
9b. Has a seta...10
10b. Distinct stem; has operculum...17
17b. Large plant...20
20b. No lamellae...28
28b. Not growing on rich organic soil, bones, or other organic matter...33
33a. Stems erect, tufted, sporophytes terminal...34
34b. No hyaline alar cells...36
36b. Cells smooth...83
83b. Plants growing on rock...85
85b. Larger mosses, stems > 4mm...91
91b stems in five ranks, stem not triangular with outer cells thin walled and colorless...92
92b. Leaves 1-5:1 length...111
111a. Leaves dense and blackish...112
112b. Walls of cells smooth...113
113b. Leaves without rhizoids...114
114b. Leaves imbricate when dry, ovate to linear-lanceolate, margins plane to narrowly recurved...pg 105 Grimmia

Key to Genus Grimmia pg. 105
1a. upper leaves without whitish hair points...2
2b. apex of most leaves acuminate or acute...3
3b. leaves1.5-3mm long...4
4b. on inland rocks...5
5a. most leaves acuminate from ovate base, capsule oblong, peristome orange...Grimmia apocarpa

“Plants in dense, dark green or brownish tufts, 1-3.5mm high on rocks, usually in dry , exposed places throughout most of North America (not Florida)” (Conrad 106).

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Specimen #9 The White Cushion Moss

Fig. 1 Leaves of the white cushion moss.

Fig. 2 White cushion moss next to a quarter. 

Fig. 3 16X White cushion moss.
Specimen 9
Name: Leucobryum glaucum The White Cushion Moss
Family: Leucobryaceae
Collection Date: Sept 26, 2011
Habitat: damp rock
Location: South Chagrin Reservation, Ohio
Description:
Collector: Jennifer Friedler

Key used: Conard, H.S. and P.L. Redfearn, Jr. 1979. How to Know the Mosses and Liverworts 2nd Edition, McGraw-Hill, Boston, Mass.

Keying Steps:
Introduction key pg. 19
1a. has stem and leaves; erect, ascending, prostrate, or hanging...2
2b. No hayline cells...3
3b. Green...pg. 28. Order Bryidae

Key to Families/Genera Bryidae pg. 28
1a. Whitish with 2 kinds of cells throughout leaf, large hyaline cells in 2-3 layers and small green cells between...2
2a. Leaves crowded on upper side...pg. 82 Leucobryum

Key to Genus Leucobryum pg. 82
1a. leaves 5-8mm long...Leucobryum glaucum

“Whitish plants in hemisphaerical cushion 2-9cm or more high, on soil, humus, rotten logs, tree bases, and moist vertical rocks, especially in forests, Newfoundland to Minnesota and South to the gulf states” (Conrad 86).

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